Ivana Trivić , Sara Sila, Zrinjka Mišak, Tena Niseteo , Ana Tripalo Batoš , Iva Hojsak , Sanja Kolaček
Published in Nov 2022, Pediatric research.
Abstract
Background The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of a structured exercise program on bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition parameters in children and adolescents with IBD in remission.
Methods Patients were recruited to participate in a 6-month exercise program. Total body less head (TLBH) dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure BMD. The same method was used to assess fat mass (FM) and lean body mass (LBM) at baseline and at the completion of the program.
Results Based on the baseline and endpoint TBLH DXA measurements, a total of 42 study participants (25 boys; aged 15.3 ± 2.08 years) experienced an increase in BMD (from 0.959 ± 0.023 g/cm2 to 0.988 ± 0.025 g/cm2, p < 0.001) and LBM (from 37.12 ± 1.43 kg to 38.75 ± 1.61 kg, p = 0.012). Age- and sex-based BMD Z-score increased significantly (from −0.35 ± 0.15 to −0.28 ± 0.17, p = 0.020), whilst LBM Z-score did not significantly change (from −1.78 ± 0.23 to −1.71 ± 1.49, p = 0.908).
Conclusions There was a significant improvement in BMD, age- and sex-based BMD Z-score, and LBM amongst study participants. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with CD and male study participants experienced significant improvement in all parameters, whilst patients with UC and IBD-U and female patients experienced improvement solely in BMD.